十万个为什么·科学阅读30篇（1）
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Why Do Ice Skates Glide Smoothly on Frozen Water?
为什么冰刀能在结冰的水面上顺畅滑行？
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Ice skates glide smoothly because pressure from the blade melts a thin layer of ice instantly.
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This melted water acts like lubricant, reducing friction between metal and ice surface.
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Although the air is cold, the localized pressure lowers ice’s melting point temporarily.
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Once the skate passes, the water refreezes quickly due to surrounding low temperatures.
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The smoother and harder the ice, the thinner and more effective this water film becomes.
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Unlike snow or slush, solid ice provides uniform support and consistent melting behavior.
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Skaters lean slightly to control edge angles, which changes pressure distribution and turning radius.
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Scientists confirm this pressure-melting effect using high-speed imaging and micro-thermometers.
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Some studies also show that surface molecules of ice are naturally disordered, aiding slipperiness.
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Even at -20°C, this phenomenon occurs—but requires greater pressure for thinner films.