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Why Does Ice Float—And Why Is That So Important for Life?
为什么冰能浮在水面上?这对生命有多重要?
精读先不看文字,完整听一遍。
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Ice floats because water expands when it freezes, becoming about 9% less dense than liquid water.冰能漂浮,是因为水结冰时体积膨胀,密度比液态水低约9%。
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This unusual behavior results from hydrogen bonds arranging into open hexagonal lattices as temperature drops.这种反常现象源于温度下降时氢键形成开放的六边形晶格结构。
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Most substances contract and sink when solidifying, but water’s density peaks at 4°C before decreasing.大多数物质凝固时收缩并下沉,而水在4°C时密度最大,之后随温度降低而减小。
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Floating ice forms an insulating layer that protects aquatic life beneath from complete freezing.漂浮的冰层起到隔热作用,保护下方水生生物免遭完全冻结。
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Without this property, lakes and oceans would freeze solid from the bottom up, killing most ecosystems.若无此特性,湖泊和海洋将自底部向上彻底冻结,摧毁绝大多数生态系统。
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Seasonal ice cover also regulates global climate by reflecting sunlight back into space.季节性海冰覆盖还能通过反射阳光调节全球气候。
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Polar bears, seals, and algae all depend on stable sea ice platforms for hunting and reproduction.北极熊、海豹和藻类均依赖稳定海冰平台进行捕食和繁殖。
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Glaciers move slowly because basal ice melts under pressure, lubricating their slide over bedrock.冰川缓慢移动,是因为底部冰在压力下融化,润滑其在基岩上的滑动。
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Engineers mimic ice’s low-density structure to design lightweight, strong aerogel materials.工程师模仿冰的低密度结构,设计出轻质高强的气凝胶材料。
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If water behaved like most liquids, Earth might never have developed complex multicellular life.倘若水像多数液体一样行为,地球或许永远无法演化出复杂的多细胞生命。
精读 · 大约 10 分钟
听 → 读 → 学表达 → 懂 → 今天会说这一句 → 跟读录音 → 自己说一句。
③ 学 · 重点表达
- Engineers mimic ice’s low-density structure to design lightweight, strong aerogel materials. 工程师模仿冰的低密度结构,设计出轻质高强的气凝胶材料。
- Seasonal ice cover also regulates global climate by reflecting sunlight back into space. 季节性海冰覆盖还能通过反射阳光调节全球气候。
- Floating ice forms an insulating layer that protects aquatic life beneath from complete freezing. 漂浮的冰层起到隔热作用,保护下方水生生物免遭完全冻结。
④ 懂 · 选一选
⑤ 今天会说这一句
Engineers mimic ice’s low-density structure to design lightweight, strong aerogel materials.
⑥ 跟读并录音
Engineers mimic ice’s low-density structure to design lightweight, strong aerogel materials.
第一版:录下来、回听、再听标准音。系统打分以后再加。
⑦ 说 · 自己来一句
用今天的表达,自己说一句。
例子:Engineers mimic ice’s low-density structure to design lightweight, strong aerogel materials.
已记下。连续天数以后会显示在课表里。
陈老师指导
课程开发中,敬请期待。成人和孩子都可以先自学听读、精读。
这边的讲解音轨还在做。想先跟着老师走完固定 30 课,可以去陈老师带读社(和自学通行不是同一份会员)。
课程开发中,敬请期待。