十万个为什么·科学阅读30篇（4）
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Why Do Some Clouds Appear Green Before Severe Thunderstorms?
为什么强雷暴来临前某些云会呈现绿色？
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Green clouds often appear before tornadoes or hailstorms in humid, mid-latitude regions.绿色云团常出现在潮湿的中纬度地区龙卷风或冰雹风暴来临前。
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Sunlight passes through thick, water-laden storm clouds that absorb red wavelengths more strongly.阳光穿过富含水分的厚重雷暴云，其中红色波长被更强吸收。
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The remaining blue and green light mixes to produce a distinct emerald or jade hue near the cloud base.剩余的蓝光和绿光混合，在云底形成鲜明的翡翠色或青玉色。
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This effect requires specific lighting angles, cloud depth, and high liquid water content to occur.该现象需特定光照角度、云层厚度及高液态水含量才能出现。
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Meteorologists do not consider green clouds a guaranteed tornado sign, but they signal dangerous conditions.气象学家不认为绿色云团是龙卷风的必然征兆，但表明天气危险。
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Photographers and storm chasers use this visual cue to anticipate severe weather development.摄影师和追风者利用这一视觉线索预判强对流天气发展。
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Laboratory experiments confirm that suspended water droplets scatter green light preferentially under certain densities.实验室实验证实，在特定密度下悬浮水滴会优先散射绿光。
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Satellite imagery rarely captures this color because it depends on ground-level viewing geometry.卫星影像极少捕捉到这种颜色，因其依赖地面视角几何条件。
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Green cloud observations are most common in the US Great Plains during spring and early summer.绿色云团观测最常见于美国大平原春季至初夏。
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Scientists continue studying how aerosol composition might enhance or suppress this optical phenomenon.科学家持续研究气溶胶成分如何增强或抑制这一光学现象。