历史小径·世界史英语30篇（6）
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Tokugawa Shoguns Closed Japan’s Borders
德川幕府锁国闭关
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After civil wars, Tokugawa Ieyasu took power in 1603.
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He feared foreign influence, especially Christian missionaries.
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Laws banned Japanese from leaving and foreigners from entering.
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Only Dutch and Chinese traders could stay in Nagasaki.
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This isolation lasted over two hundred years.
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Japan developed unique arts, laws, and social order alone.
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Western ships returned in 1853, ending the closed era.
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The shogunate soon fell, leading to modern Japan.