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Why Some Countries Tax Sugary Drinks—and What Changed
为什么一些国家对含糖饮料征税？效果如何？
精读先不看文字，完整听一遍。
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Mexico introduced a sugar tax in 2014 after studies linked soda to rising diabetes and childhood obesity rates nationwide.墨西哥于2014年开征糖税，此前多项研究将含糖饮料与全国糖尿病及儿童肥胖率上升联系起来。
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Sales of taxed drinks dropped 12% in the first year, while water and unsweetened tea sales rose steadily among low-income families.征税饮料销量首年下降12%，而低收入家庭对水和无糖茶的购买量持续上升。
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Manufacturers reformulated many products—cutting sugar by up to 30%—to avoid the tax without changing labels or prices.制造商重新配方多种产品，减糖高达30%，以规避征税，且未更改标签或售价。
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Revenue funds school health programs, public fitness zones, and nutrition education—not general government budgets alone.税收用于资助学校健康项目、公共健身区及营养教育，而非仅纳入政府一般预算。
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Teenagers responded most strongly, likely because they drink more soda and notice price changes more than adults do.青少年反应最强烈，可能因其饮用更多碳酸饮料，且比成人更敏感于价格变化。
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Some people switched to untaxed ‘sports drinks’ or flavored waters, showing how policy must evolve with consumer behavior.部分人转向未征税的‘运动饮料’或风味水，表明政策需随消费者行为动态调整。
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Tax alone didn’t fix diet habits—but combined with clearer labels and school bans, it became part of a lasting shift.单靠征税未能改变饮食习惯，但结合更清晰的标签和校园禁售措施后，它成为持久转变的一部分。
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It proves that small, well-designed nudges can support healthier choices without banning anything outright.这证明，设计得当的小幅干预措施可在不直接禁止的前提下，助力人们做出更健康的选择。
精读 · 大约 10 分钟
听 → 读 → 学表达 → 懂 → 今天会说这一句 → 跟读录音 → 自己说一句。
③ 学 · 重点表达
- It proves that small, well-designed nudges can support healthier choices without banning anything outright. 这证明，设计得当的小幅干预措施可在不直接禁止的前提下，助力人们做出更健康的选择。
- Revenue funds school health programs, public fitness zones, and nutrition education—not general government budgets alone. 税收用于资助学校健康项目、公共健身区及营养教育，而非仅纳入政府一般预算。
- Mexico introduced a sugar tax in 2014 after studies linked soda to rising diabetes and childhood obesity rates nationwide. 墨西哥于2014年开征糖税，此前多项研究将含糖饮料与全国糖尿病及儿童肥胖率上升联系起来。
④ 懂 · 选一选
⑤ 今天会说这一句
It proves that small, well-designed nudges can support healthier choices without banning anything outright.
⑥ 跟读并录音
It proves that small, well-designed nudges can support healthier choices without banning anything outright.
第一版：录下来、回听、再听标准音。系统打分以后再加。
⑦ 说 · 自己来一句
用今天的表达，自己说一句。
例子：It proves that small, well-designed nudges can support healthier choices without banning anything outright.
已记下。连续天数以后会显示在课表里。
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