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Batch 0020-005: The Code of Justinian and the Codification of Roman Law
批次0020-005：《查士丁尼法典》与罗马法的系统编纂
精读先不看文字，完整听一遍。
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Emperor Justinian commissioned jurists in 528 CE to consolidate centuries of Roman legal texts into one coherent body.公元528年，查士丁尼皇帝委任法学家将数个世纪以来的罗马法律文献汇编为一部统一法典。
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The resulting Corpus Juris Civilis included the Digest, Institutes, Code, and Novels, covering civil, criminal, and procedural law.由此形成的《民法大全》包括《学说汇纂》《法学阶梯》《查士丁尼法典》和《新律》，涵盖民法、刑法与程序法。
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Roman legal principles—like presumption of innocence and burden of proof—were preserved and clarified for Byzantine courts.罗马法律原则——如无罪推定与举证责任——得以保存并在拜占庭法庭中进一步明确。
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Law schools in Constantinople trained judges using this codified system, ensuring consistency across provinces.君士坦丁堡的法学院依据这一成文法体系培养法官，确保各行省司法的一致性。
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Although Western Europe largely lost access to these texts after the empire’s fragmentation, they resurfaced in medieval universities.尽管西欧在帝国分裂后基本失传这些文本，它们却在中世纪大学中重新浮现。
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Italian scholars rediscovered the Digest in the 11th century, sparking the revival of civil law studies across Europe.11世纪意大利学者重新发现《学说汇纂》，掀起欧洲大陆法研究复兴浪潮。
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Feudal customs persisted locally, but royal courts increasingly cited Justinianic principles to assert centralized justice.封建习惯法仍在地方延续，但王室法庭日益援引查士丁尼法理以推行中央集权式司法。
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The code influenced Napoleonic and modern civil law traditions, shaping legal education and statutory reasoning worldwide.该法典影响了拿破仑法典及现代大陆法传统，塑造了全球范围内的法学教育与成文法推理。
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Its systematic structure demonstrated how law could be both historical and adaptable to changing societies.其系统化结构展现了法律如何兼具历史传承性与适应社会变迁的灵活性。
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Justinian’s project revealed law as both memory and instrument of imperial continuity.查士丁尼的法典编纂工程揭示：法律既是帝国延续的记忆，亦是维系其连续性的工具。
精读 · 大约 10 分钟
听 → 读 → 学表达 → 懂 → 今天会说这一句 → 跟读录音 → 自己说一句。
③ 学 · 重点表达
- Justinian’s project revealed law as both memory and instrument of imperial continuity. 查士丁尼的法典编纂工程揭示：法律既是帝国延续的记忆，亦是维系其连续性的工具。
- Law schools in Constantinople trained judges using this codified system, ensuring consistency across provinces. 君士坦丁堡的法学院依据这一成文法体系培养法官，确保各行省司法的一致性。
- Feudal customs persisted locally, but royal courts increasingly cited Justinianic principles to assert centralized justice. 封建习惯法仍在地方延续，但王室法庭日益援引查士丁尼法理以推行中央集权式司法。
④ 懂 · 选一选
⑤ 今天会说这一句
Justinian’s project revealed law as both memory and instrument of imperial continuity.
⑥ 跟读并录音
Justinian’s project revealed law as both memory and instrument of imperial continuity.
第一版：录下来、回听、再听标准音。系统打分以后再加。
⑦ 说 · 自己来一句
用今天的表达，自己说一句。
例子：Justinian’s project revealed law as both memory and instrument of imperial continuity.
已记下。连续天数以后会显示在课表里。
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