世界史关键时刻·英语30篇（1）

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七世纪伊斯兰教的传播

In 610 CE, Muhammad began receiving revelations in Mecca, calling for monotheism and social justice.
After facing opposition, he migrated to Medina in 622—the year marking the start of the Islamic calendar.
There, he established a community governed by shared faith rather than tribal loyalty.
Military victories at Badr and Uhud helped unify Arabian tribes under one religious-political vision.
Within decades, Muslim armies reached Syria, Egypt, Persia, and North Africa through rapid campaigns.
Local populations often kept their faiths but paid a tax and accepted Muslim administration.
Qur’anic schools, mosques, and Arabic language spread alongside new legal and scientific thinking.
This era transformed religion, governance, and scholarship across three continents in less than a century.