How Do Rainbows Form When Sunlight Meets Raindrops?

课文

1. Rainbows appear when sunlight enters spherical raindrops, bends, reflects inside, and exits.

   彩虹出现时，阳光进入球形雨滴，发生折射、内部反射，再折射而出。

2. White light separates into colors because each wavelength bends by a slightly different amount.

   白光分解成不同颜色，是因为各波长的光折射程度略有不同。

3. Red light bends least and exits at about 42 degrees; violet bends most and exits near 40 degrees.

   红光折射最小，以约42度角射出；紫光折射最大，以约40度角射出。

4. Your eye sees only one color from each drop, depending on its position in the sky.

   人眼从每一颗雨滴中只看到一种颜色，取决于该雨滴在天空中的位置。

5. Millions of drops together create the full arc, with red always on the outer edge.

   数百万雨滴共同形成完整的彩虹弧，红色总在外侧边缘。

6. You must stand with your back to the sun and rain in front to see a rainbow clearly.

   要清晰看见彩虹，须背对太阳、面向雨幕。

7. Double rainbows occur when light reflects twice inside a drop, reversing color order.

   双彩虹由光线在雨滴内反射两次形成，颜色顺序相反。

8. The secondary bow is fainter because more light escapes after the second bounce.

   副虹较暗，因为第二次反射后更多光线逸出。

9. No two people ever see the exact same rainbow, since it depends on their unique viewpoint.

   没人能看到完全相同的彩虹，因其取决于观察者的独特视角。

10. This natural prism effect reveals how light and water interact to produce beauty and science.

    这种天然棱镜效应揭示了光与水相互作用所呈现的美与科学。