Tokyo: A Megacity Built on Risk and Resilience

课文

1. Tokyo, with over 37 million people in its metro area, is the world’s largest urban agglomeration—and sits atop four tectonic plates.

   东京都市圈人口超3700万，是全球最大的城市群，地处四大板块交界处。

2. Its subway system moves nearly 8 million passengers daily, yet most stations include earthquake-resistant design features.

   其地铁系统日均运送乘客近800万人次，但多数车站均采用抗震设计。

3. Since the 1923 Great Kanto Earthquake, building codes have evolved to require flexible foundations and shock-absorbing joints.

   自1923年关东大地震以来，建筑规范不断升级，要求采用柔性地基和减震接头。

4. The city recycles 84% of its household waste, partly because landfill space is extremely limited on this island nation.

   东京家庭垃圾回收率达84%，部分原因是作为岛国，填埋用地极为有限。

5. Urban heat islands raise summer temperatures here by up to 3°C compared to surrounding rural areas.

   城市热岛效应使夏季气温比周边农村地区高出最多3℃。

6. Many schools double as emergency shelters, equipped with food stocks, water purifiers, and solar-powered radios.

   许多学校兼作应急避难所，配备食品储备、净水设备和太阳能收音机。

7. Tokyo Bay’s artificial islands host container terminals, LNG plants, and even an airport built entirely on reclaimed land.

   东京湾的人工岛上建有集装箱码头、液化天然气厂，甚至一座完全建于填海土地上的机场。

8. City planners now prioritize ‘compact city’ policies to reduce car dependence and protect farmland on the urban fringe.

   城市规划者如今优先推行‘紧凑城市’政策，以减少对汽车的依赖，并保护城市边缘的农田。