The Aral Sea Collapse: A Cautionary Tale of Hydro-Political Myopia

咸海消亡：水文政治短视的警示录

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Once the world’s fourth-largest lake, the Aral Sea has shrunk to less than 10 percent of its 1960 volume—not from climate change, but from deliberate Soviet-era irrigation diversions that prioritized cotton monoculture over basin-wide hydrologic balance.
The Amu Darya and Syr Darya rivers, diverted to feed 4.5 million hectares of cotton fields, now deliver less than 12 percent of their historic flow to the sea, transforming a dynamic aquatic ecosystem into a toxic dust bowl.

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